Vocal Parameters
The physical quantities behind every chart: what each one is, where it comes from, and how to read it.
Frequency & Pitch
频率与音高族The fundamental itself, and the periodic motions around it.
Fundamental / Pitch
The axis of every analysis: pitch itself, and every judgment that varies with pitch starts from it.
Vibrato Rate
How fast pitch wobbles — cycles per second; the ideal range is 5.5–7.5 Hz.
Vibrato Extent
How far pitch deviates above and below the center note (in cents); with rate it fully describes vibrato.
Formants & Vocal Tract
共振峰与声道族The resonance fingerprints the vocal-tract shape leaves on the spectrum.
First Formant
The first resonance peak of the vocal tract — the main window into resonance depth and mouth opening.
Second Formant
The second formant — reads tongue frontness; combined with F1 it determines the vowel.
Larynx Height
The vertical position of the larynx; rising means compensatory squeezing, staying steady means healthy gear changes.
Glottis & Airflow
声门与气流族How the glottis opens and closes, and how the air gets through.
Harmonic Difference
A one-dimensional readout of fold thickness: the dB difference between H1 and H2.
Glottal Closure Efficiency
The efficiency of glottal open-close cycling: pressed ↔ flow ↔ leaky, located on one axis.
Glottal Noise
The proportion of noise in the voice — an objective scale for breathiness.
Onset Slope
The “character” of an onset — hard, balanced or breathy — is decided by the slope.
Singing Power Ratio
The ratio of the 2–4 kHz metal core to overall energy — the scale of carrying power.
Throat-Voice Energy
The trace of outer-muscle squeezing — when it shows up, the balance score is docked.
Dynamics & Stability
动态与稳定族Volume control and the microscopic stability of vibration.
Loudness
Perceived volume (LUFS) — the source of the Dynamic Balance horizontal axis.
Pitch Perturbation
Random cycle-to-cycle pitch perturbation — the first reading of vocal-fold vibration stability.
Amplitude Perturbation
Random cycle-to-cycle amplitude perturbation — read alongside Jitter for stability.